What principle allows multiple conversations to share one radio channel on a GSM channel?

The principle that allows multiple conversations to share one radio channel on a GSM channel is Time Division Multiplex (TDM). In TDM, the available time on a single channel is divided into discrete time slots. Each conversation is assigned a specific time slot in which it can transmit its data. This method allows multiple users to communicate over the same frequency by taking turns using the channel at different times, ensuring that each call has its own time slot and does not interfere with others.

In the context of GSM, which stands for Global System for Mobile Communications, TDM is an essential feature because it helps efficiently use the limited frequency spectrum available for mobile communications. This method directly supports the functioning of GSM networks by enabling several users to communicate simultaneously without requiring separate channels for each conversation, thereby optimizing channel usage and increasing capacity.