What is the main function of the COSPAS-SARSAT satellite system?

The primary function of the COSPAS-SARSAT satellite system is to monitor 406 MHz signals for distress calls, particularly from Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs). This system plays a crucial role in search and rescue operations by receiving distress signals from beacons activated by individuals in emergency situations, such as maritime distress, and relaying that information to the appropriate authorities.

When an EPIRB is activated, it transmits a signal at 406 MHz, which is detectable by the COSPAS-SARSAT satellites. The system can then determine the location of the beacon and transmit this information to ground stations, which coordinate the rescue efforts. This functionality is essential for saving lives in emergencies, especially at sea, where timely response can be critical.

In contrast, the other options do not reflect the primary role of the COSPAS-SARSAT system; it does not provide weather data, track military movements, or directly communicate with aircraft, although it serves an important function in maritime and aviation distress situations.