What is the average fully-charged voltage of a lead-acid storage cell?

A fully-charged lead-acid storage cell has an average voltage of approximately 2.06 volts. This value is based on the chemical makeup and electrochemical reactions that occur within the cell during charging. Each individual cell in a lead-acid battery consists of sulfuric acid and lead plates, and during the charging process, the potential difference across the cell increases until it reaches this average voltage.

Understanding the typical voltage characteristics of a lead-acid battery is crucial for applications where they are used, as they often consist of multiple cells connected in series to achieve higher voltages. The total voltage of the battery is dependent on the number of cells and their individual voltages.

While other options suggest different voltages, they do not reflect the standard fully-charged state for lead-acid cells, which is why 2.06 volts is the accepted value in industry standards and practices. This fundamental knowledge is essential for anyone working with or studying battery systems and their applications.