What happens to the output voltage in a transformer as the number of secondary turns increases?

In a transformer, the output voltage is directly related to the number of turns on the primary and secondary coils through a principle known as electromagnetic induction. When the number of turns on the secondary coil increases, the transformer steps up the voltage. This is because of the fundamental relationship described by the formula:

[ \frac{V_s}{V_p} = \frac{N_s}{N_p} ]

where ( V_s ) is the secondary voltage, ( V_p ) is the primary voltage, ( N_s ) is the number of turns in the secondary coil, and ( N_p ) is the number of turns in the primary coil. An increase in the secondary turns (( N_s )) while keeping the primary turns constant will result in a proportionate increase in the secondary voltage (( V_s )).

Thus, increasing the number of secondary turns leads to a higher output voltage, adhering to the principle that transformers can either step up or step down voltage levels based on the turns ratio. This characteristic is crucial in power distribution and electrical engineering, allowing efficient voltage regulation and control in various applications.